“ Washingtons ” redirects here. For the family, see Washington kin
The United States one-dollar bill ( $ 1 ), sometimes referred to as a single, has been the lowest value denomination of United States paper currency since the discontinuance of U.S. fractional currency notes in 1876. An trope of the inaugural U.S. president ( 1789–1797 ), George Washington, based on the Athenaeum Portrait, a 1796 paint by Gilbert Stuart, is presently featured on the obverse, and the Great Seal of the United States is featured on the invert. The one-dollar bill has the oldest overall design of all U.S. currency presently being produced ( The current two-dollar bill obverse design dates from 1928, while the reverse appeared in 1976 ). The obverse design of the dollar bill seen today debuted in 1963 ( the turn back in 1935 ) when it was foremost issued as a Federal Reserve Note ( previously, one dollar bills were Silver Certificates ).
The inclusion of the motto, “ In God We Trust, ” on all currency was required by law in 1955, [ 4 ] and first appeared on newspaper money in 1957. As of December 2018, the average life of a $ 1 bill in circulation is 6.6 years before it is replaced due to wear. [ 5 ] approximately 42 % of all U.S. currency produced in 2009 were one-dollar bills. [ 6 ] As of December 31, 2019, there were 12.7 billion one-dollar bills in circulation global. [ 7 ]
history [edit ]
big size notes [edit ]
first $ 1 bill issued in 1862 as a Legal Tender eminence (approximately 7⅜ × 3⅛ in ≅ 187 × 79 mm)
modest size notes [edit ]
$ 1 Silver Certificate. The first small-sizeSilver Certificate .
$ 1 Silver Certificates (Series of 1928-1934) and $ 1 United States Notes ( common reverse ofSilver Certificates ( Series of 1928-1934 ) andUnited States Notes ( Series of 1928 ), normally referred to as “ Funnybacks ”
$ 1 United States Banknote printed. The beginning small-sizeUnited States Banknote printed. (6.14 length × 2.61 width × 0.0043 in thickness = 156 × 66.3 × 0.11 mm) In 1928, all currency was changed to the size which is familiar nowadays. The first one-dollar bills were issued as flatware certificates under Series of 1928. The Treasury navy seal and series numbers were night blue. The obverse was about identical to the series of 1923 $ 1 argent certificate, but the Treasury seal featured spikes around it and a big gray ONE replaced the amobarbital sodium “ 1 DOLLAR. ” The invert, besides, had the lapp bound plan as the serial of 1923 $ 1 bill, but the concentrate featured a large flowery ONE superimposed by ONE DOLLAR. These are normally known as “ Funnybacks ” due to the quite odd-looking “ ONE ” on the turn back. These $ 1 silver certificates were issued until 1934. In 1933, Series of 1928 $ 1 United States Notes were issued to supplement the provision of $ 1 Silver Certificates. Its Treasury seal and serial numbers were red and there was different give voice on the obverse of the notice. however, a month after their product, it was realized that there would be no very need for these notes and production was stopped. A little total of these $ 1 bills entered circulation and the respite were kept in Treasury vaults until 1949 when they were issued in Puerto Rico. [ 20 ] In 1934, the invention of the $ 1 argent certificate was changed. This occurred with that year ‘s passage of the Silver Purchase Act, which led to a large increase in dollar bills backed by that metallic element. [ 21 ] Under Washington ‘s portrait, ONE SILVER DOLLAR was changed to ONE DOLLAR. The Treasury seal was moved to the right and superimposed over ONE, and a aristocratic numeral 1 was added to the leave. The reverse remained the lapp. A year late, in 1935, the design of the one-dollar bill was changed again. On the obverse, the blue numeral 1 was changed to gray and made smaller, the grey ONE to the correct was removed, the Treasury seal was made smaller and superimposed by WASHINGTON D.C., and a conventionalized ONE DOLLAR was added over the treasury navy seal. The reverse was besides changed to its current plan, except for the absence of IN GOD WE TRUST .
$ 1 Silver Certificate for Allied troops in North Africa special issueSilver Certificate for Allied troops in North Africa World War II brought about special issues of one-dollar bills in 1942. limited $ 1 Silver Certificates were issued for Hawaii in case of a japanese invasion. HAWAII was printed vertically on the left and right side of the obverse and besides horizontally across the rearward. The seal and serial numbers were changed to brown. particular Silver Certificates were besides issued as payment for Allied troops in North Africa about to begin their assail into Europe. The only difference on these one-dollar bills was a yellow alternatively of blue seal. Both of these types of notes could be declared despicable if they fell into enemy hands. The next transfer came in 1957 when the $ 1 charge became the first musical composition of composition U.S. currency to bear the motto IN GOD WE TRUST ; it was added over the parole ONE on the turn back. initially the BEP began printing the motto on notes printed with the new 32 note press, but soon Series of 1935G bills printed on an 18 note press featured the motto. The final examination production of $ 1 Silver Certificates occurred in late 1963. In 1964, the redemption of Silver Certificates for ash grey coin ended and in 1968 the redemption of Silver Certificates for flatware bullion ended. production of one-dollar Federal Reserve Notes was undertaken in belated 1963 to replace the soon-to-be disused $ 1 Silver Certificate. The design on the reverse remained the same, but the border plan on the obverse undergo considerable alteration, as the by and large abstract filigrees were replaced with designs that were largely botanic in nature. In addition, the parole “ one, ” which appeared eight times around the surround in small character, was eliminated. The series numbers and treasury seal were printed in green ink. This was the beginning time the one-dollar circular was printed as a Federal Reserve Note. The first change since then came in 1969, when the $ 1 was among all denominations of Federal Reserve Notes to feature the modern Treasury seal, with English wording alternatively of Latin. [ 22 ] The $ 1 bill became the first denomination printed at the newly westerly Currency Facility in February 1991, when a cargo of 3.2 million leading notes from the Dallas FRB was produced. [ 23 ] Though bill denominations of $ 5 and higher have been redesigned doubly since 1995 as character of ongoing anti-counterfeiting efforts, there are presently no plans to redesign the $ 1 or $ 2 bills .
experimental issues [edit ]
Since 1933, the one-dollar bill has been the exclusive experimental appellation among circulating US currency ( except for the Natick experiment in 1981, see below ). The beginning experiment was conducted in January and February of that year to assess the effects of using different ratios of cotton to linen in the makeup of the bills. Series 1928A and 1928B $ 1 silver certificates with series number block letters X-B and Y-B were used as the experimental group ; the Z-B block was used as the restraint group. The results of the experiment were inconclusive. In 1937, another quiz was conducted, like in dash to the 1933 experiment. This screen used Series 1935 one-dollar bills. The particular notes used in this experiment can be identified by their serial numbers. Notes ranging from A00000001B to A06180000B and B00000001B–B03300000B were the experimental group and notes ranging from C00000001B to C03300000B were contribution of the control group. No conclusive results were found. A better known test was done in 1942 during World War II to test alternate types of paper. This was a precautionary measure in case the current type of composition supply could not be maintained. Series 1935A notes made of the special wallpaper and were printed with a red “ S ” to the right of the treasury sealing wax, while notes of the restraint group were printed with a crimson R. Because they have some collector measure, fake loss S ‘s and R ‘s have been applied to even Series 1935A notes to try to pass them at a higher respect ; checking a note ‘s serial numbers can prevent this. serial numbers of the R group range from S70884001C to S72068000C and serial numbers of the S group range from S73884001C to S75068000C.
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sometime in the early to mid-1960s, the BEP experimented with a new firm, the Gilbert Paper Company, to see if they could duplicate the usual paper production. [ 24 ] The BEP selected a series of notes printed by the Philadelphia FRB as the trial subjects. serial numbers for this group range from C60800001A to C61440000A. In August 1981, a alike experiment occurred during production of Series 1977A, when the BEP printed a few print runs on Natick paper. They included a regular race and a star note run from the Richmond FRB, with serial numbers ranging from E76800001H through E80640000H and E07052001* through E07680000* ( note that many sources falsely identify the star range as Philadelphia rather of Richmond ). One print rivulet of $ 10 star topology notes, besides from Richmond, was included in this paper test, making it indeed far the only experimental print not exclusive to the $ 1. One-dollar bills were again the subject of experiment in May 1992, when the BEP began to test a web-fed Intaglio print compress. Because of a necessitate for greater quantities of $ 1 FRNs, the BEP sent out REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS ( RFP ) ( year 1985 ) NO. BEP-85-73 to procure a web-fed intaglio printing printing press to dramatically increase the production of currentness notes within the confines of their current ( 1985 ) 14th & C street facility. alternatively of printing one side of a square sheet of 32 notes at a clock time, the web-fed press used 96 engraved images or plate-cylinder to print the rear of the note, then another 96 image engraved plate-cylinder to print the front of the eminence. Both sides of notes were printed from a continuous roll of newspaper. The Alexander-Hamilton intaglio Web press printed both sides of intaglio printing at the lapp time. The web-press was designed as a full-blown product press as opposed to an experimental iron. The notes were issued in Series 1988A, 1993, and 1995. Because of mechanical problems and hustler mistake, ampere well as the sometimes poor choice of the notes, production was ended in July 1996. Web notes can be identified by the back plate number following to IN GOD WE TRUST and the removal of face bridle letters and quadrant numbers. [ 25 ]
little size [edit ]
| Type | Series | Treasurer | Secretary | Seal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Legal Tender Note | 1928 | Woods | Woodin | Red |
| Silver Certificate | 1928 | Tate | Mellon | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1928A | Woods | Mellon | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1928B | Woods | Mills | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1928C | Woods | Woodin | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1928D | Julian | Woodin | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1928E | Julian | Morgenthau | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1934 | Julian | Morgenthau | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935 | Julian | Morgenthau | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935A | Julian | Morgenthau | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935A Hawaii | Julian | Morgenthau | Brown |
| Silver Certificate | 1935A North Africa | Julian | Morgenthau | Yellow |
| Silver Certificate | 1935B | Julian | Vinson | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935C | Julian | Snyder | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935D | Clark | Snyder | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935E | Priest | Humphrey | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935F | Priest | Anderson | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935G | Smith | Dillon | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935G Motto | Smith | Dillon | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1935H | Granahan | Dillon | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1957 | Priest | Anderson | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1957A | Smith | Dillon | Blue |
| Silver Certificate | 1957B | Granahan | Dillon | Blue |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1963 | Granahan | Dillon | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1963A | Granahan | Fowler | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1963B | Granahan | Barr | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1969 | Elston | Kennedy | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1969A | Kabis | Kennedy | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1969B | Kabis | Connally | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1969C | Bañuelos | Connally | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1969D | Bañuelos | Shultz | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1974 | Neff | Simon | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1977 | Morton | Blumenthal | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1977A | Morton | Miller | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1981 | Buchanan | Regan | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1981A | Ortega | Regan | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1985 | Ortega | Baker | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1988 | Ortega | Brady | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1988A | Villalpando | Brady | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1993 | Withrow | Bentsen | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1995 | Withrow | Rubin | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 1999 | Withrow | Summers | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2001 | Marin | O’Neill | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2003 | Marin | Snow | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2003A | Cabral | Snow | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2006 | Cabral | Paulson | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2009 | Rios | Geithner | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2013 | Rios | Lew | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2017 | Carranza | Mnuchin | Green |
| Federal Reserve Note | 2017A | Carranza | Mnuchin | Green |
obverse of current $ 1 bill [edit ]
contingent of the Treasury Seal as it appears on a $ 1 placard
Athenaeum Portrait and the image on the obverse of the bill. The image from the dollar bill above shows the subject flipped horizontally for ease of comparison. Comparison between Gilbert Stuart ‘s 1796and the image on the obverse of the bill. The image from the dollar charge above shows the subject flipped horizontally for ease of comparison. The portrait of George Washington is displayed in the kernel of the obverse of the one-dollar bill, as it has been since the 1869 blueprint. The ellipse contain George Washington is propped up by bunches of bay laurel leaves. [ citation needed ] To the left of George Washington is the Federal Reserve District sealing wax. The name of the Federal Reserve Bank that issued the note encircles a capital letter ( A–L ), identifying it among the twelve Federal Reserve Banks. The consecutive number of the bank ( 1 : adenine, 2 : boron, etc. ) is besides displayed in the four corners of the assailable distance on the bill. Until the redesign of the higher denominations of currency beginning in 1996, this seal was found on all denominations of Federal Reserve notes. Since then it is only deliver on the $ 1 and $ 2 notes, with the higher denominations merely displaying a universal Federal Reserve System cachet, and the deposit letter and numeral beneath the upper left consecutive number. To the right of George Washington is the Treasury Department seal. The scales represent judge. The chevron with thirteen stars represents the original thirteen colonies. The key below the chevron represents authority and trust ; 1789 is the year that the Department of the Treasury was established. The serial 1969 dollar bills were the first to use a simplified Treasury seal, with the give voice in English alternatively of Latin. Below the FRB seal ( to the left of George Washington ) is the signature of the Treasurer of the United States, and below the USDT Seal ( right slope ) is the Secretary of the Treasury ‘s key signature. To the leave of the Secretary ‘s signature is the series date. A new series go steady, or addition or change of a consecutive letter under a date, results from a change in the Secretary of the Treasury, the treasurer of the United States, and/or a change to the note ‘s appearance such as a new currency design. On the edges are olive branches entwined around the 1s. A little plate serial number-letter combination is on the lower right, and a humble plate status ( check ) letter is on the upper left corner of the note. If “ FW ” appears before the lower right plate number it indicates that the charge was produced at the satellite Bureau of Engraving and Printing facility in Fort Worth, Texas. currentness has been printed here since Series 1988A. The absence of “ FW ” indicates the circular was printed at the main facility in Washington, D.C .
revoke of current $ 1 bill [edit ]
President Franklin Roosevelt ‘s conditional approval of the one-dollar bill ‘s design in 1935, requiring that the appearance of the sides of the Great Seal be reversed, and together, captioned. The reverse of the one-dollar bill has an flowery design that incorporates both sides of the Great Seal of the United States to the leave and correct of the password ONE. This give voice appears prominently in the white quad at the center of the bill in a capitalize, shadowed, and seriffed font. A smaller prototype of the word “ ONE ” is superimposed over the numeral “ 1 ” in each of the four corners of the charge. “ THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ” spans the circus tent of the bill, “ ONE dollar ” is emblazoned along the penetrate, and above the cardinal “ ONE ” are the words “ IN GOD WE TRUST, ” which became the official motto of the United States in 1956 by an Act of Congress. Below the change by reversal of the Great Seal on the leave slope of the bill are the words “ THE GREAT SEAL, ” and below the obverse on the right side are the words “ OF THE UNITED STATES. ” The Great Seal, in the first place designed in 1782 and added to the dollar bill ‘s design in 1935, is surrounded by an elaborate floral design. The renderings used were the distinctive official government versions used since the 1880s. The change by reversal of the varnish on the left features a barren landscape dominated by an unfinished pyramid of 13 steps, topped by the Eye of Providence within a triangle. At the base of the pyramid are engraved the Roman numerals MDCCLXXVI ( 1776 ), the date of american independence from Britain. At the top of the seal stands a latin phrase, “ ANNUIT COEPTIS, ” meaning “ He favors our contract. ” At the bottom of the seal is a semicircular banner proclaiming “ NOVUS ORDO SECLORUM “ meaning “ New Order of the Ages ” that is a reference to the new american earned run average. To the left of this seal, a string of 13 pearls extends toward the border of the bill. The obverse of the cachet on the right features a bald eagle, the national bird and symbol of the United States. Above the eagle is a beaming bunch of 13 stars arranged in a six-pointed headliner. The eagle ‘s breast is covered by a heraldic shield with 13 stripes that resemble those on the american flag. As on the first US iris, the stars and stripes stand for the 13 original states of the union. The eagle holds a ribbon in its beak reading “ E PLURIBUS UNUM “, a latin phrase meaning “ Out of many [ states ], one [ state ] ”, a de facto motto of the United States ( and the alone one until 1956 ). Both the phrases “ E Pluribus Unum ” and “ Annuit coeptis ” check 13 letters. In its forget talons the eagle holds 13 arrows, and in its correct talons it holds an olive branch with 13 leaves and 13 olives, representing, respectively, the powers of war and peace. To the correct of this seal, a string of 13 pearls extends toward the edge of the bill. A plate status ( arrest ) numeral is normally found to the left of the eagle .
Collecting Federal Reserve dollar bills [edit ]
Except for significant errors, and series 1988A web notes printed in little batches for some of the Federal Reserve districts ( world wide web notes from other series are more common ), k seal dollars are of little collector value. however, two notes have generated populace matter to, although neither is scarce. In 1963 dollar bills were produced for the Eleventh Federal Reserve District, headquartered in Dallas. Since the FRD jurisdictions are consecutive numbered, notes received the correspond letter “ K ”, for the 11th letter of the alphabet. Some people noticed that the 1963 Dallas note, with the number “ 11 ” and a “ K ” surrounded by a black cachet, appeared about the time President John F. Kennedy was shot in Dallas in November 1963. The bill was not a commemorative consequence and there was no joining between it and the dart. [ 26 ] In 1968–69 Joseph W. Barr was Secretary of the Treasury for only 31 days and his signature appeared entirely on the 1963B dollar circular. Some collectors thought that his abbreviated tenure might make these notes valuable, but use of their plates continued for some time after his term in office and 458,880,000 were printed. Thus they are very common. [ 27 ] dollar Bills with interesting serial numbers can besides be collected. One case of this is radar or “ palindrome “ notes, where the numbers in the series act are the like take from left to right or right to left. very humble serial numbers, or a hanker blocking of the like or repeating digits may besides be of sake to specialists. Another exemplar is surrogate notes, which have a star to the right of the consecutive number. The ace designates that there was a print error on one or more of the bills, and it has been replaced by one from a run specifically printed and numbered to be replacements. [ 28 ] Star notes may have some extra prize depending on their condition, their year serial or if they have an strange serial number succession. To determine the rarity of modern headliner notes, production tables are maintained. [ 29 ]
prosecution for the possession of a $ 1 charge [edit ]
In Turkey the possession of a one-dollar bill can lead to a pursuance and prison term for terror related charges because it is seen as testify for being a member of the Gülen Movement founded by Fethullah Gülen, which is seen as a terror organization in Turkey. turkish authorities believe that Gülen used to present a one dollar bill to his followers and that they showed it to one another in order to make them recognizable. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] [ 32 ]
Redesign or substitution of the dollar bill [edit ]
GAO estimated 30-year present-value cost of replacing $1 notes with $1 coins In modern times, the one dollar bill is used much more than the dollar coin, despite the U.S. Government ‘s repeated efforts to promote the latter. [ 33 ] There are organizations specifically aimed at either preventing ( Save the Greenback ) [ 34 ] or preach ( Coin Coalition ) [ 35 ] [ 36 ] the arrant elimination of the one-dollar bill in party favor of the dollar coin. On November 29, 2012, a House subcommittee met to consider replacing the dollar circular. This natural process took locate after the seventh Government Accountability Office report on the subject. The latest report claimed that switching to dollar coins would save $ 4.4 billion over thirty years. however, according to polls, few Americans want to give up dollar bills. [ 37 ] In response to assorted requests to redesign the $ 1 poster to include ( among others ) the Preamble, Bill of Rights, and list of Articles of the United States Constitution, [ 38 ] late budgets passed by Congress have included provisions to prevent the Treasury Department from spending any of its funds to redesign the $ 1 bill, since the potential price affect of this change on the peddle machine industry would greatly exceed its benefits. [ 39 ]
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